Imitation Of Life Is A Film Directly Focusing On The...

Imitation of Life is a film directly focusing on the relationships between mother and daughter. Although the main characters, Annie and Sara Jane, and Lora and Susie, seem similar in their relationships, the film juxtaposes them in terms of race. On the surface, the relationships presented are, at best, considered to be normal struggles between mother and daughter. Analyzing the specific trials and problems will reveal a difference in Black motherhood and White motherhood. Annie and Sara Jane face racial and identity issues, that cause the relationship to shatter. Lora and Susie encounter a sense of abandonment and loss of love, which in turn creates a divide between them. While jointly living, and raising their girls together, Annie and†¦show more content†¦By her obvious exaggeration of a Southern domestic worker, she is playing into the stereotype that her mother has created for herself. Sara Jane chooses to get revenge after Annie askes her to take something out to the g uests, as that request could associate Sara Jane with her mother’s race and domestic servitude. Sara Jane wants so desperately to pass as a white girl, but is constantly reminded of her race just by her mother’s appearance. Their relationship is completely shattered by the end of the film, with Sara Jane refusing to have anything to do with her mother. The dynamic between Lora and Susie as mother and daughter is slightly different, with their relationship focusing on Susie’s feelings of abandonment and missing love. One of the only confrontational scenes pertaining to these issues between Susie and Lora occurs near the end of the film, with Lora becoming upset that her daughter did not tell her about her budding love of Steve. Annie spills Susie’s secret infatuation, and this causes Lora to confront her daughter about her romantic feelings. Amidst this quarrel, Susie exclaims, â€Å"You’ve given me everything but yourself!† and proceeds to l ist of the ways that her mother tried to contact her, without physically being near her in person. This outburst is aShow MoreRelated Television Violence Essay3780 Words   |  16 Pageswhich contained some seven incidents of violence per hour and where it was considerably more prevalent than on British television (Gunter and McAleer 1990:97). Focusing now on British television and violence, we can analyse Guy Cumberbatch’s research on television violence in 1987. He looked at all types of television programme focusing on four separate weeks between May and September 1986. All four channels were reviewed, totalling 1412 hours of television (930 BBC programmes and 1146 ITV and channelRead MoreA Research On Weird Populations2014 Words   |  9 Pagessocieties (pg. 69). Another pair of groups that were looked at were western versus non-western societies. Results from this comparison once again found westerners as an outlier, on more than one focus of study (pg. 72). The last comparison we will be focusing on is between contemporary Americans versus all other westerners, the article found that once again, Americans were outliers, even in an unusual population; they were the odd ones out of an entire group made of oddities (pg. 75-76). The reasons theseRead MoreGlee Essay9324 Words   |  38 PagesHigh School Musical territory, and a sometimes heartbreakingly authentic sentimentality that draws me into a deeply emotional engagement with the characters and a desire to see them triumph. 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One need to make its own theme as per understandingRead MoreA Comparison of Olivier and Branaghs Adaptations of Henry V Essays2716 Words   |  11 PagesA Comparison of Olivier and Branaghs Adaptations of Henry V Media Comparative Essay: (in the medium of film) concerning the 2 well known film versions of Shakespeare’s Henry V of Olivier (1944) and Branagh (1989) in the specific scenes of â€Å"A Little Touch of Harry in the Night† and â€Å"The Crispin Crispian Speech† A comparison of these scenes in the two film versions of Henry V indicated above in a discussion of all the major cinematic issues in integrating a story likeRead MoreThe Field Of Social Work3689 Words   |  15 PagesIt is important to note that her Grandfather is Chief of the Maori Tribe. Her Mother and twin brother died during childbirth. Her father, while alive, left after Paikea’s mother and brother died and has only been around sporadically throughout her life. Current Situation or Presenting Problem Paikea’s grandfather was very excited about the fact that her twin brother was to be born, as he was a first-born son. In the Maori tribe, it is the first-born son in each generation who can become chief ofRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 Pagesto the realms of the arts, philosophy, politics and sociology. The Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory’s definition of postmodernism is indicative of its massive scope: â€Å"[Postmodernism] is now used to describe the visual arts, music, dance, film, theatre, philosophy, criticism, historiography, theology, and anything up-to-date in culture in general† (â€Å"Postmodernism†, 1993). It is a label given to a time period in which the abrupt influx of technology and ever-increasing cultural multiplicityRead MoreMarketing Campaign : Skyy Spirits Llc3877 Words   |  16 Pagesof its market, the opportunity for profit within this market is ever increasing. (Musonera Hemley, 2002) Group director within Skyy Spirits LLC, Maura McMinn states, â€Å"Vodka is America’s spirit. No other spirit has such broad appeal across gender, life stage, lifestyle and ethnicity... We like to think of vodka as the Swiss Army Knife of spirits, it has something for every consumer want or need.† (Skyy Vodka Introduces Marketing Campaign, 2014) While this product is still within the highest ranksRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesFILM LANGUAGE FILM LANGUAGE A Semiotics of the Cinema Christian Metz Translated by Michael Taylor The University of Chicago Press Published by arrangement with Oxford University Press, Inc. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637  © 1974 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved. English translation. Originally published 1974 Note on Translation  © 1991 by the University of Chicago University of Chicago Press edition 1991 Printed in the United States of America 09 08 07 6Read MorePositioning: Marketing and Product5093 Words   |  21 Pagesfocussed value proposition. Positioning is all about perception. Perception created in consumer mind and target market mind. Trout and Ries defines positioning as a battle mind. Examples a) Mahindra amp; Mahindra positioned their SUV Scorpio to life style oriented consumers. b) Indica by Tata Motors for small car consumers who want a more spacious vehicle. c) Domino’s Pizza for convenience-minded pizza lovers. Benefits being delivery, speed, and good quality. d) Indigo E-CS is trying

A Relationship Between Stress and Physical Illness Essay

A Relationship Between Stress and Physical Illness Stress is an example of a behaviour and experience explained in physiological and psychological terms. Recently awareness has been heightened concerning the harmful effects of stress and how it can be successfully managed and prevented. Lay definitions of stress seem to focus on a force or some kind of mental pressure which is exerted upon an individual which is aversive. Stress is often associated with anxiety, strain, tension, distress and fatigue. The effects of stress include biochemical physiological and psychological changes, many of which are associated with ill health effects (Gatchel 1989). Thus medical and psychological research†¦show more content†¦The pituitary gland is the main endocrine gland; it controls the release of many hormones. In the brain stem we find the autonomic nervous system, which runs to different organs in the body e.g. heart and lungs. The ANS has two divisions; the sympathetic (prepares to cope with a dangerous or stressful situation) and the parasympathetic division (calms us down). During a state of arousal/stress, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates the adrenal medulla to release the hormones adrenaline and non-adrenaline into the bloodstream. These hormones, in conjunction with corticosteroids, reinforce sympathetic arousal by stimulating heart rate and mobilizing further energy resources in the body. This enables the body to deal with the stressor by activating a flight or fight response. Seyle produced a model known as the General Adaptation Syndrome to explain the short term effects of stress, it also helps us understand the development of stress related illnesses e.g. ulcers. He identified the following three stages of a physiological response to stress: Stage 1 - Alarm - stress response systems are activated e.g. internal - injury, external - nasty dog; Stage 2 - Resistance - stress response is fully activated and body is coping; Stage 3 - Exhaustion - as a result of this chronic longShow MoreRelatedTheoretical Relationship Between The Mind Body1193 Words   |  5 Pagesbody have a relationship of some kind. Yet there are other explanations that may disagreed and appose the fact that there is such an idea of the mind and body correlation. In this paper I will discuss the history of theories regarding the relationship between mind and body, as well as my understanding of this relationship. I will also discuss how psychological factors and physical illness relate to each other. In the second part of this essay I will give an example of a physical illness and explainRead MoreOutline and Evaluate Research Into the Relationship Between the Immune System and Stress Related Illness827 Words   |  4 Pagesevaluate research into the relationship between the immune system and stress related illness The main function of the immune system is to protect the body from infectious agents such as viruses and other toxins. The immune system can fail us in two ways-either by becoming under-vigilant, letting infections enter the body, or over-vigilant, so that it is the immune system itself, rather than an infectious agent that causes illness. Most studies of the relationship between stress and the immune systemRead MoreWhat Is The Mental Health? Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the mental health? Mental health embraces emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It has an effect on thinking, feeling, and acting. 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Moreover, Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioural processes of health, illness, and healthcare. It is apprehensive with the consideration of how psychological, behavioural, and cultural aspect to physical health and illnessRead MoreChildren Of Chronicly Ill Parents Case Study1415 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion parents that are disabled that have children under the age of eighteen that are living in their household (Stevens, 2012). Many of these households have more than one child and some have only the ill parent as the only caregiver. A chronic illness affects every member of the household and children are especially susceptible to development delays because of the particular needs of their ever-changing bodies, brains, and personalities. 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The Strengths of the System to Elect the American President Essay Sample free essay sample

The American presidential electoral system consists of five different phases. the chief two being the primaries and the Electoral College. Although the Electoral College has been used since the establishing male parents wrote the fundamental law. significance there are many strengths in the system. the failings of the system outweigh well the strengths. Some of these being. the campaigner without the popular ballot can be elected as president. For illustration in the 2000 presidential elections. George Bush won against Al Gore with no popular ballot. This is merely one of the many grounds as to why the failings outweigh the strengths. The Electoral College is the system used in the US to vote on a campaigner for the presidential term. Voters from each province cast their ballots for presidential voters who are representatives for the existent presidential campaigners. These voters so cast their ballots for the presidential campaigner that won the bulk of popular ballots within that province. Each province has a different sum of Electoral College votes dependent on their population size. for illustration New York has 35 ballots. However there are some failings of this system. these including unequal representation from province to province. Smaller provinces tend to be over represented and larger provinces such as Florida tend to be massively under represented. For illustration. California with a population of about 38 million. merely has 55 Electoral College votes. this in comparing to Wyoming’s population of 500. 000 and 3 Electoral college ballots means that per Electoral College ballot California has 617. 000 people compared to Wyoming holding 165. 000. This enables the smaller provinces to do each person in the province better heard significance that minority voices are regarded more. Some may state that this is more democratic. nevertheless it is unjust and most rebelliously undemocratic as some voices are heard â€Å"louder† than others. Meaning that the consequence of the Electoral College is under representative of the true population’s positions. Therefore the system used to elect the American president is massively unequal in the sense that it under represents the bulk and over represents the minority. This being merely one ground as to why the failings of the presidential election system outweigh the strengt hs. Another failing with the Electoral College procedure is. the construct of victor takes all. This means that no affair what per centum of the ballot the victor gets. whether it is 50. 1 % or 98 % they will both be elected as president. This is seen every bit undemocratic as the other campaigner may merely hold 0. 2 % of the popular ballot less than them intending that there is about equal support for both campaigners. This means that half the population of the US will be under represented and will non hold with the policies of the presently elected president. This besides means that they can non show their position easy and most of the population is non made happy by the determinations of the president. A major illustration of this is in the presidential election of 2000 ; George Bush stole Al Gore of the presidential term. Al gore won 48. 4 % of the ballot to Bush’s 48 % . nevertheless Bush got 271 Electoral college ballots to Al Gores’s 266 significance that he was ann ounced president without the popular ballot. This is massively undemocratic. as the true victor. in this instance Al Gore. did non win the election. Thus this failing adding to the sum they outweigh the strengths in the presidential election system. Primaries are another chief portion of the Presidential election system in the US. there is the unseeable phase which is the really first phase of the presidential run. in the twelvemonth continuing the election campaigners show their purpose to run. Primaries nevertheless are the more important type. they are held around February or March of the twelvemonth of the presidential elections. This twelvemonth in 2012 Super Tuesday. which is the day of the month that the bulk of provinces hold their primaries. was held on the 6th March. Although some provinces take portion in forepart burden which is where they bring the day of the month frontward. this is an act in order to do smaller less important provinces have more influence on the consequences intending campaigners run more in these provinces. An illustration of these early provinces in 2012 is Iowa. Looking like a just and simple manner to elect a campaigner. this system has its failings. A chief one being intra-party differences that it creates. As the campaigners that are contending against each other are from the same party this can do a split within the party and can do problem and tenseness. intending that they find it hard to work in unison and to the best of their ability in order to win the election. An illustration of when this occurred was in the 2008 primary elections. Clinton and Obama both from the Democrats party where the two favourite campaigners and this caused a divide within the party as some supported Obama and some supported Clinton. doing it highly hard for the party to map sufficiently. This significance that the failings of the Primary subdivision of the presidential election outweigh the strengths. turn outing one time once more that the system has many mistakes. On the other manus. the establishing male parents seemed to make a successful occupation with the manner they wanted their president to be elected. there are many strengths of the system. The NPC’s. National Party Convention. are held by each of the major parties. They are held in the summer clip normally around the terminal of August and start of September and last around four yearss. The chief parties hold them in big metropoliss all over the provinces. for illustration in this current 2012 election the Democrats held their convention in Charlotte. North Carolina and the Republicans held theirs in Tampa. Florida. The National Committee decides the locale in which the party holds their convention and it is attended by delegates and the media. It has formal maps and informal maps. the most of import formal map being the choosing of the presidential campaigner and the frailty presidential campaigner. Although some say that it is more the confirming of the campaigner instead than the choosing of. as the parties tend to be certain from the primaries which candidate they will be picking. These conventions seem to hold much strength. an illustration being the fact that they promote serious party integrity as there are no more intraparty differences and the party is all now endorsing the same campaigner. It tends to be the lone clip in the whole four-year procedure that the whole of the party is in the same topographic point and is endorsing the same campaigner. Conventions heal the lesions that the primaries create. they give the defeated campaigner a opportunity to back up the chosen campaigner and demo the greater public that they believe they will do a good president. For illustration when Clinton lost to Obama. she showed that she supported him in this clip and this could hold been a ground that he won the election. as they were demoing party integrity. The Electoral College. although holding many failings there is mark that the system has its strengths and that it works good for the undertaking it is set abouting. A chief strength is that it ensures that the States even with the smallest populations can hold important impact on the result of the election. Meaning that while it is of import to run and dressed ore on the provinces with the most Electoral college ballots. such as Texas and Florida. in a close cervix race between two campaigners. as the 2012 election is turn outing to be. the smaller provinces still carry Electoral College ballots which could go compulsory for the campaigner who hopes to win to derive. This means that the smaller provinces are non neglected and it is more representative of every province instead than the merely the larger provinces positions being voiced. This gives the president more legitimacy due to the fact that he manner in which they campaigned and won their ballots was more democratic and relati ve across the whole of the States. alternatively of it being concentrated greatly in one country. This means that in the approaching 2012 election provinces lying Wyoming and Alaska will hold equal opportunity of being represented. as California or Texas will. Therefore the democratic and representative factors of this system demo there are many strengths to the system presidential elections. Although the Primary system creates intra-party differences and acrimonious personality conflicts. it does hold some strength. for illustration it has shown that really runing and winning a primary is a really demanding undertaking. This significance that whatever candidate decides to run they will be tested a great trade in all different state of affairss and if they fall at any point during this procedure it could free them the opportunity of going the campaigner for their party. Thus any campaigner that makes it through this vigorous system is said to be tried and tested and ready to run the US. If they can cover with the primary system so they are fit to be a president and can manage about everything if non everything that comes their manner. For illustration in the battle between Obama and Clinton in 2008 Obama proved to be a strong campaigner and so in bend went on to win the presidential elections. This system gives the citizens who are voting for the campaigner religion and i s hence a great strength of the system that elects the American president. Although there are many strengths to the system that is used to elect the US President. these being the demanding trial the president are put through in the primaries or the manner that the Electoral College preserves the voice of smaller provinces. there is many more failings. such as Primaries being a acrimonious personality competition doing intra-party struggle or the unequal representation that the manner the Electoral College ballots are distributed creates. turn outing that the failings of the system used to elect the President of the USA in fact outweigh the strengths.

Reference Letter free essay sample

To Whom It May Concern: am pleased to recommend Essentially anything he wishes to challenge. He should be considered for a scholarship to help extend his education; he is an excellent student. He should be considered highly for selection for any course or program he applies for; he will bring a high level of academic thought and achievement. If Applies for employment, do not hesitate to short-list him; he is an excellent investment. He will consistently deliver his best effort, an effort you should expect to exceed your high standards. Is an exceptional young person who will continue to grow.From my experience, I came to expect s level of performance to be always at the top of my class in English 12. It is a pleasure to read and grade his papers; I was always delighted with his original, insightful perspective and the meticulous expression of his ideas. Is already showing the consistency of his ability and leadership skills. We will write a custom essay sample on Reference Letter or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Have come to anticipate that Will be an academic leader in the class. He seems to grasp the concepts involved in synthesizing the ideas in English literature without effort. Has so internalized the expression of these ideas hat his product is consistently of the highest order.Epitomizing scholastic rigor in every academic field and level, I feel that Is a model for his peers. , a curious and determined student, lifts all of his classes and, really, all of his activities. He exudes integrity and character in and out of school. S delightful, friendly disposition buoys his colleagues. Like all elite students, Should be considered a serious candidate for any scholarship, course / program or employment that he chooses to challenge.

About Elephants... Essays - Elephants, Elephant, Gaja, Circus

About Elephants... Essays - Elephants, Elephant, Gaja, Circus About Elephants... Somewhere in eastern Canada, there is a place where elephants live. Elephants seem to enjoy the place where they live, they even seem to enjoy the cold weather. During winter, elephant wants to go in the freezing, icy water; the male breaks the ice to swim in the water. The elephants seem to have a protection against the cold; it could be the fat that keeps them warm. So elephants adapt very well, even in the cold winters of Canada, the thermostat can go below minus twenty degrees Celsius. This place in eastern Canada, it is like an oasis, who would think that in Canada, there are elephants. Charlie Gray is the trainer but also the friend of the elephants, for him it is not just a job, but a passion. When he saw an elephant for the first time, he was fascinated and he stood up in front of the elephant when his parents were gone. Charlie Gray always feeds the elephants before going to bed, an elephant always sleep wake up, because otherwise the elephant will die of choking, because of his own weight. The elephant is the biggest mammal on the continents. An elephant can walk twenty miles a day. Like the human, the elephants need free time to socialise, with the other elephants by going in a lack. During spring, the elephants always have visits but during the winter there is no income so some elephants go to the circus with Mathieu Daley Mathieu is an eager apprentice. The circus, which goes Mathieu and Calvin, is situated in Montreal. Calvin, who is an elephant, loves to travel, like any other elephant. Calvin and Mathieu are partners, Calvin can stand up on his two legs, when Mathieu is on Calvin heads, and they can many other things. It is nice too see someone who enjoys very much his job.

How Writing about Death Saved my Life

How Writing about Death Saved my Life How Writing about Death Saved my Life Christopher Noà «l is a professional on the Reedsy marketplace who has been a freelance editor for twenty-five years. He is the author of seven books, including the memoir In the Unlikely Event of a Water Landing: A Geography of Grief,  which he wrote following a life-changing disaster.

A case study report- POLYSUBSTANCE ABUSE Term Paper

A case study report- POLYSUBSTANCE ABUSE - Term Paper Example Furthermore, although it is not known which factors actually contribute to the polysubstance abuse, perhaps, a mix of many factors actually precipitates it. Chaotic home environment, parental substance abuse, parental mental illness, ineffective parenting, and lack of parental involvement, all of which seem to arise from a family environment are factors that need to be considered in this case. It is considered that family factors are most crucial in promoting drug abuse by the youth. Even the mentally healthy youth demonstrates high risk of abusing when the parents abuse. Poor parental attachment, nurturing, and monitoring, increase the risks of developing substance abuse. It is evident from Antonios case that he was in the middle of a dysfunctional family life. His fathers alcohol abuse and constant domestic fight between his parents leading to marital disruption can be functionally responsible for Antonios abuse behaviors. These led to substantial amount of stress at home and is definitely causative of little or no cohesion, organization, expressiveness, consistency, all leading to absence of communication between family members. More over, in Antonios case, there had been marital disruption between his parents over alcohol abuse, and this could have led to the belief that substance abuse is a normal part of the life. Cohesion among family members prevents delinquency, depression and low self-esteem and fosters self-control and absence of all of these increases the level of social estrangement that strongly predisposes to substance abuse (Dinges & Oetting, 1993). Sudden change in environment occurred in Antonios life due to their relocation from Huntington Beach to Redlands. It created pressure on him, and the factor of ineffective coping came into play. This led to his association with conduct-disordered peers, which was another precipitating factor. Lack of

Auto Purchase Worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Auto Purchase Worksheet - Essay Example   With all these basic points in my mind I have now prepared a list of three cars which I found to be matching with my requirement ideas. These three cars are Honda accord, Toyota Camry and Nissan  maxima. Undoubtedly, there are some crucial factors that are influencing my decision making. Firstly, my financial status to buy a car is confined within a budget of $20,000 including the bank interest of 4.5 percent by the bank; hence I cannot cross this limit. Optionally, I can buy a car from a private party if it offers a good deal. Secondly, I have to sell my existing car to the dealer or a private party and use the money in a new deal.   Now I am preparing worksheet making it easier for me to compare, calculate and finally decide to buy a particular car.   My research worksheet goes like this.   Through this research I could assume a comparative calculation of the prices of these cars along with the mileage differences.  Here I found dealer’s trade bit costly than the private parties. Take for example Mr. Bill Jones’s Toyota Camry costing $16000. Well it seems to be a good deal than the Highway dealers cost of $20,000. But when I noticed Mr. Bills Camrys mileage I realized that 30259 kilometers is to high mileage. No doubt I am buying a used car but at least its mileage should be below 20,000 kilometers. Frankly saying throughout the worksheet I found Highway dealers Honda Accord to be the best one costing $18000 and my second option is Mrs. Anna Jones Nissan Maxima costing $17000. Though the mileage is bit higher but I liked the condition of the car as it is used single handedly. There are two more conditions that are important for me to consider before the final decision. Firstly, I want to buy the car in a bank loan Finance and pay in monthly installments and secondly, I want to trade in my existing car in the new deal. To solve this

Amazon Metrics Essay Example for Free

Amazon Metrics Essay As a thumb in on-line shopping industry, Amazon surely owned massive competitive advantages. Amazon believes the main competitive factors in its market segments included ‘selection, price, availability, convenience, information, discovery, brand recognition, personalized services, accessibility, customer service, reliability, speed of fulfillment, ease of use, and ability to adapt to changing conditions, as well as our customers’ overall experience and trust in transactions with us and facilitated by us on behalf of third-party sellers’. And there is large number of technologies used to support these diverse advantages, which compared with its competitors are different. First, Look inside a current textbook on software architecture, and you’ll find few patterns that we don’t apply at Amazon. We use high-performance transactions systems, complex rendering and object cashing, workflow and queuing systems, business intelligence and data analytics, machine learning and pattern recognition, neural networks and probabilistic decision making, and a wide variety of other technologies. In other words, Amazon always keep its technologies are the lasted ones. That is also help to operating business, such as deal with the orders, tracking shipping information, customer services, more effective and efficient. Second, Amazon pays more attention to their customers with their unique technologies. Round (2004) notes that Amazon focus on customer satisfaction metrics. Each site is closely monitored with standard service avail-ability monitoring (for example, using Keynote or Mercury Interactive) site availability and download speed. We use a set of applications for accepting and validating customer orders, placing and tracking orders with suppliers, managing and assigning inventory to customer orders, and ensuring proper shipment of products to customers. All these purposes are came true by a transaction-processing system. There is also an automated e-mail measurement and optimization system. This measure would give big contribution to promote available inventory. There is a good cycle from the system to promotion. Amazon tries their best to give personalized services. Web pages tailored to individual preferences, such as recommendations and notifications; 1-Click technology; secure payment systems; image uploads; searching on our websites as well as the internet; browsing; and the ability to view selected interior pages and citations, and search the entire contents of many of the Book’ and ‘Search Inside the Book’ features. Third, to further provide a comfortable shopping environment for customers, Amazon makes many attempts. A company like Amazon could (and did) record every move a visitor made, every last click and twitch of the mouse. In time, the work of editorial reviews, such as Marcus, was marginalized since Amazon found that the majority of visitors used the search tools rather than read editorial. At the last, Amazon devotes itself to improve and innovation constant. Providing the latest and effective technology to guide all stakeholders, such as third parties, as well. As Amazon explains in SEC (2005): using primarily our own proprietary technologies, as well as technology licensed from third parties, we have implemented numerous features and functionality that simplify and improve the customer shopping experience, enable third parties to sell on our platform, and facilitate our fulfillment and customer service operations. And the Amazon retail platform enables other retailers to sell products online using the Amazon user interface and infrastructure through their ‘Syndicated Stores’ programme. Above all, these creative and maturity technology enhanced Amazon’s core capability while competed with other rivals.

Ethics of Full Disclosure of Security Holes Essay -- Hackers Internet

Ethics of Full Disclosure of Security Holes Introduction Security breaches are making big headlines nowadays, and Microsoft is leading the charge. Its flagship operating systems and office suite are so bulky and complex, that it is impossible to be bug-free. The system administrators (the white hats) are up to their noses plugging all the holes from super hackers (the black hats). Yet they are also facing attack from another front – those that post vulnerabilities on the internet (the gray hats). The gray hats are hackers that find security vulnerabilities and post them on the internet, forcing system administrators to patch up the holes. Usually, they inform the vendor ahead of time. Then, if they deem the company is not taking them seriously, and malicious hackers will exploit the threat, they post it on a forum. Though acting in good faith, the ethics of full disclosure of security holes are in debate, including: how full disclosure can cause more harm then good, how long vendors should be allowed to fix the problem, and liabilities for posting on the internet. Issue 1: Full disclosure of security-related information can inflict more damage than good. You are showing people how to break into systems. The debate about vulnerability-disclosure policies involves two main parties. Researchers at security companies say they want to get their latest findings out quickly to hasten software makers' response to bugs. Software makers, on the other hand, say they aren't given enough time to deal with a problem, and that publicizing it simply alerts malicious hackers to an opportunity. There are super hackers out there who find security vulnerabilities, then write a script up on the internet, with one or two l... ...on't publish code, 17 Oct. 2001, CNet News.com, 11 Mar. 2004, 6. Lemos, Robert, Microsoft developers feel Windows pain, 7 Feb 2002, CNet News.com, 12 Mar. 2004, < http://news.com.com/2100-1001_3-832048.html> 7. Lemos, Robert, When is Hacking a Crime? 26 Sept 2002, ZDNetNews, 15 Mar. 2004, 8. Fried, Ina, Attack concerns slow Microsoft's pace, 16 Mar. 2004, CNet News.com, 16 March 2004, 9. Shankland, Stephen, Governements to See Windows Code, 14 Jan 2003, CNet News.com, 14 March 2004, 10. Lemos, Robert, New laws make hacking a black-and-white choice, 23 Sept 2002, CNet News.com, 14 March 2004,

A Study in Sociology Essay

Suicide always fascinated academic researches for a long time however it is has been an area of study limited to the field of psychology. Sociology is a relatively new field of social sciences. It started looking into suicide, not just as a personal act, but as a social action which is not entirely divorced from social forces. This paper discusses pertinent studies on the phenomenon of suicide and seeks to present literatures concerning this act. Moreover, differing ideas and interpretations on suicide are presented to carefully elaborate different perspectives on the subject matter. A Study in Sociology Arguably the first person to connect suicide to the study of sociology is sociologist Emile Durkheim. He presented that although suicide is a personal choice of the individual, the act is not separated from the context of a society. He looked into pre-existing records and analyzed suicide trends in different societies. Based on these suicide trends, there are four classifications of suicide: 1) Egoistic; 2) Altruistic; 3) Anomic and; 4) Fatalistic. Social cohesion plays a vital role in Durkheim’s theories on suicide. Egoistic suicide occurs when a person has a relatively low degree of integration into a society. On the other hand, a high degree of integration into a society can also result in suicides that are meant for a higher cause within a society. He also argued that changes in social order and the individual’s perception towards social change would explain anomic suicides. The phenomenon of fatalism takes place in extreme social contexts, where a person would decide on killing himself rather than suffering dire social conditions (Durkheim, 1951). Self and Society From an object of study limited to psychology, suicide became a subject of sociology. Durkheim’s research proved that the traditional perspective that view the subject matter as a psychological behavior and entirely individualistic in nature is a constricted framework when looking into suicide. This implies that social structures, social forces as well as social conflicts and changes are intervening factors in a suicide phenomenon. C. Wright Mills (2000) supported that one cannot separate behaviors and actions of an individual from the larger social context. He wrote that â€Å"the personal troubles of the milieu are connected to the public issues of social structure. † The individual committing suicide must therefore be located in his social as well as historical contexts. Current Trends on Suicide Studies After Mills and Durkheim laid the foundations of suicide as a sociological subject, numerous studies concerning suicide have been conducted in both psychology and sociology. Currently, suicide studies are interconnected with other factors such as gender, poverty, small arms, mental disorders and even medicine. It is now linked to modernity (Baudelot and Establet, 2008), attitudes and experiences of oncology patients (Emanuel, Fairclough, Daniels & Clarridge, 1996), a demographic-specific trend such as adolescents (Brent, et. al. , 1988), cultural forces (West, 2005), economic conditions (Ruhm, 2000), as well as access to weapons (Brent, et. al. 1991). Suicide and Modernity Baudelot and Establet (2008) worked with Durkheim’s premises in their study of suicide. They stated that â€Å"The link between suicide, affluence and individualism is more complex—suicide rates do reflect broad social trends but they are also influenced by the structural position and lived experience of small social groups. The notion of social well-being is demonstrated to be a key factor in changes in suicide rates. † While sociology itself cannot accurately predict a suicide case, the collective gathering of these cases provides a fertile ground for sociological interpretations. Modernity is a historical as well as social era where social changes occur and these cases of suicide are descriptive of their milieu. Suicide, seen as such in the context of modernity, is a social fact. It describes the changes that occurred during the time of modernity. Societies that are rigid in its goals during the time of modernity are those that adamantly pursued modernization. It is in this context that suicide rates are known to be higher in the Communist Bloc, China and India (Baudelot and Establet, 2008). Economics and Suicide While both affluent and starving groups of individuals commit suicide, the role of economics cannot be downplayed in the study of suicide. On the macro-economic level, the period of modernity prominently features suicide trends in a time where economies were vibrant and booming. On the other hand, a stagnating economy, such as in a recession, also has an effect on suicide. Ruhm (2000) argues that â€Å"unemployment is negatively correlated to mortality and that unemployment is positively correlated to suicide. † In Japan, suicide is seen in a cultural context. Since individuals in the Japanese society are strongly connected to their social, political and cultural spheres, there is tendency for the push and pull of altruistic-egoistic suicide to occur. This is seen when the rule of law in Japanese society permeates the personal sphere such that debts and divorces are major factors affecting suicide (West, 2005). Suicide and Norms Sociology also attempted to explain suicide in a broader sense—by zooming out of the individual and focusing on social factors that affect the phenomenon. Psychology argues that those committing suicide are psychologically ill or that the individuals committing them are inept in their coping mechanisms. While suicide might seem irrational, there are rational premises that are least likely explored. Societies that are relatively more tolerant of suicide, as well as the individual’s cognitive ability to rationalize the act are also extraordinary factors contributing to suicide trends. Rendering rational suicide normative in a society creates the positive feedback mechanism necessary for a rational suicide to occur. This type of suicide is also surprisingly limited to a specific demographic, namely the educated and successful. Rationality of Suicide One of the fundamental question relating suicide and society lies in the rationality of the act. Is the act ‘rational’ based only on the perceptions and actions of the individual, thereby rendering the act an exclusive study within psychology? Or is this rationality of the act itself being defined not only in terms of the individual’s values but a rationality that is predetermined by the values and norms of a society? Although there are many reasons for suicide, there are factors that least likely determine suicidal trends, but are potent social forces (i. e. education, family, religion) that must be considered. Suicide occurs for a number of reasons such as depression, substance abuse, shame, avoiding pain, financial difficulties or other undesirable fates. † Defying the commonplace definition is the concept of rational suicide. Rational suicide is â€Å"ending one’s life out of a conviction that one has lived long enough, that the likely future holds more pain than joy† (Lerner, 2004). Surprisingly, rationality of a suicide act Keown (1995) showed that there is prime value placed on the moral intention behind the act of death itself. This applies not just in euthanasia but also in rational suicide. What are the intentions behind the suicide? Is the decision independent of life’s problems that can be solved? Is it free from outside pressure from a belief system, mores or culture itself? This is the litmus test of the rationality or irrationality of suicides. Sociological and psychological studies attempted to look into the duality of forces working on suicides—individual and social. It is arguably psycho-social factors that are deterministic of the suicide trends across societies. Social institutions, many sociological studies posit, are playing a huge role in the nature and type of suicides in a given society. Stack and Kposowa (2008) concludes that: â€Å"National suicide rates are predictive of individual-level suicide acceptability. However, the main predictors of suicide acceptability included a measure from social learning theory, religiosity, and a neglected measure of control theory, life satisfaction. † While the act of committing suicide is a very individualistic act, there are factors to be considered that are social forces with repercussions and influences on individual action. The act of suicide presents how the personal milieu is linked to the larger issues within the social institutions. References: Baudelot C. and Establet R. (2008) Suicide: The Hidden Side of Modernity. John Wiley Publications. Brent, D. A. , Perper, J. A. , Goldstein, C. E. , Kolko, D. J. , Allan, M. J. , Allman, C. J. , and Zelenak, J. P. (1988) Risk factors for adolescent suicide. A comparison of adolescent suicide victims with suicidal inpatients. Archives of General Psychiatry. Vol. 45, No. 6, June 1988.

Brock article 1 Essay

(10) In understanding the idea presented by Brock as far as the idea of professional norms are voluntarily adopted, it is essential to point out the two elements that go together with it. The first one involves the creation of norms and values of a specific profession that is often imposed unto its members (Brock,). In this idea, the organization should also coordinate and collaborate with related agencies and institutions that specialize in such area. The second idea refers to the ability of each professional to directly adhere to the norms his/her organization provides (Brock,). It is through such entry that the individual takes on these facets accordingly. (11) The term conventional compromise provided by Brock in the article revolves around the question and issue of moral implications in the practice and facilitation of medicine. Under this facet, the term revolves around a â€Å"physician/pharmacist who has a serious moral objection providing a service/product to a patient/customer is not required to do so† (Brock, 2008, p. 194). At the same time, it is in here that there are several conditions that must also be looked into before saying that a particular case or issue has undergone a conventional compromise. These facets include (1) proper information so as to the facilitation of service/product, (2) proper referrals to other professionals who can provide, and (3) the second facet will not cause burden or difficulty for the patient (Brock, 2008). Under the first facet, there needs to be proper support and ground for the facilitation of a service or mechanism so as to fit the described example. It is in here that active communication about the practice must be given to any patient before declining its prescription or rendering of service (Brock, 2008). On the second facet, it requires the ability of any medical professional to have access to networks that have relatively opinions as theirs as far as the issue is concerned. This will then satisfy the condition that patients can seek for alternatives of providers of such device/service (Brock, 2008). Lastly, there must be careful consideration as far as its suitability and preference of patients are concerned. Since these ideas are prone to subjectivity, medical professionals must then establish these areas to connote the term conventional compromise (Brock, 2008) (12) In responding to the case of the pharmacist, Brock would probably argue against the notion set by the pharmacist. This is because this profession is part of an organization wherein the norms and objectives are stipulated accordingly (Brock, 2008). The action committed by the person is only a matter of moral conscience and does not solely revolve around the basic standpoint of the profession. Likewise, foregoing the facilitation of contraceptives as an option disregards the fact that the organization he/she is part of considers this as an option for practice (Brock, 2008). These are some tenets that is included when she agreed to be part of the institution and agency and collaborated with standards provided by concerned agencies (Brock, 2008). Seeing this disposition, Brock would then argue to the pharmacist that he/she practice a conventional compromise wherein she will actively provide and designate a professional who may think and view the issue differently from his/her perspective. This a way to protect both the opinion and value set of the pharmacist and ability of the patient to recognize the possible options available for him/her (Brock, 2008). By doing this, it can prevent conflict and questions surrounding the ability of such medical professional to provide numerous options for patients despite the differences in opinions and values. Reference Brock, D. W. (2008) Conscientious refusal by physicians and pharmacists: who is obligated and why? in Springer Science. Retrieved June 25, 2009. 187-200.

european enlightenment essays

european enlightenment essays The Enlightenment was an era in human history in which thinkers and philosophers were convinced that they were rising from centuries of obscurity and unawareness into a new age made clear by reason and a respect for humanity. A number of thinkers and writers, mainly in England and France, believed that they were more educated and informed than their fellow citizens and intended to enlighten them. Society and humanity were seen as being in an inferior condition, and major changes were needed to improve the human condition. However, this belief in progress did not appear out of nowhere, it was instigated by two major historical events: the Protestant Reformation and the Scientific Revolution. Both of these key elements had major effects on the ideas and changes which appeared during the Enlightenment. The Protestant Reformation was a challenging of the Catholic churches domination over the politics, economics, and culture of European society. The Scientific Revolution was an influentia l time during which, not only natural scientific and technological advances were made, but also changes in the structure of human thought were established. Both the Protestant Reformation and the Scientific Revolution were events which preceded and directly affected the era of Enlightenment in the history of humankind. The Enlightenment was a consistent progression of these two scientific and religious events, the areas most affected being politics, religion, and the social development of the world. In the modern Western world, the greatest issue at the heart of the political debate was the question of the legitimacy of authority. The arguments revolved around the notions of order, authority, and rights. Prior to the 17th century, nations had been lead my monarchs, such as Kings and Queens, but in reality countries were divided. Nations were fragmented by feudalism and divided into states and political units, each having its own political agenda. Th...

Learn About Wine Legs or Tears

Learn About Wine Legs or Tears What does it mean when a wine is said to have legs or someone refers to tears of wine? Wine legs or tears of wine are the droplets that form in a ring on the glass above the surface of a glass of wine or other alcoholic beverage. The drops continuously form and fall in rivulets back into the liquid. You can see the effect in the shadow of this glass of wine. Cause of Wine Legs While some people think wine legs are related to the quality, sweetness or viscosity of wine, they are really indicative of the alcoholic content of the wine and are caused by the interplay between adhesion, evaporation and surface tension of water and alcohol. How Wine Legs Work Capillary action draws a small amount of wine up the surface of the wine glass above the liquid. Both alcohol and water evaporate, but the alcohol has a higher vapor pressure and evaporates faster, producing a region of liquid that has a lower concentration of alcohol than the rest of the wine.  Alcohol has a lower surface tension than water, so lowering the concentration of alcohol raises the surface tension of the liquid. The water molecules are cohesive and stick together, forming droplets that eventually become heavy enough to fall back down the glass in streams into the wine. History of the Explanation of Wine Legs The effect is called the Marangoni or Gibbs-Marangoni Effect, in reference to Carlo Marangonis investigations into the effect in the 1870s. However, James Thomson explained the phenomenon in his 1855 paper, On certain curious Motions observable at the Surfaces of Wine and other Alcoholic Liquors. Test It Yourself The Marangoni effect more generally refers to the flow of liquid caused by surface tension gradients. You can see this effect if you spread a thin film of water over a smooth surface and add a drop of alcohol to the center of the film. The liquid will move away from the alcohol drop. Swirl a glass of wine or liquor and observe the wine legs or tears of wine on the glass. If you cover the glass and swirl it, wine legs eventually will stop forming because the alcohol will be unable to evaporate.

Strategic Management of the Next PLC Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Management of the Next PLC - Coursework Example The present study would focus on Next as a UK based retailer offering exciting, beautifully designed, excellent quality fashion and accessories for men, women and children together with a full range of homewares. Analyzing the 2010 and 2009 financial reports of Next PLC it shows that the firm has been earning constant revenue and accordingly the profit for both the years has also increased by almost 21%. Accordingly, the firm has also increased its basic and diluted earnings per share. The basic earnings per share in 2009 and 2010 were 156 and 188.5 pound per share. In 2010, the total assets of the firm stood at 1693.5 while in 2009, the total assets of the firm stood at 1760.4. In 2010, the total liabilities of the firm stood at 1560.1 while in 2009 the total liabilities were 1619.9. The total assets of the firm decreased by 3.8% in 2010 as compared to 2009; similarly the total liabilities also decreased by 3.8%. Next is a UK retailer whose principal activities are excellent quality clothing and home products. â€Å"The primary financial objective of the group remains the delivery of sustainable long term growth in earnings per share†. The industries in which Next plc competes are mainly the departmental stores, the retail sector, the shoe and the apparel industry. While next plc has a number of competitors, its main competitors are Arcadia Group, ASDA group, Body shop, Marks & Spencer Plc etc. Arcadia group has more than 2540 stores operating only in the UK. The one year growth of the firm as on August 2010 has been around 33% while the increase in net profits has been around 11%. Body shop PLC has also declared 44.9% of its profits as dividend in the year 2010 while in the year 2009, 43.9% has been declared as dividends. Comparing the two years 2009 and 2010, body shop’s assets and liabilities had grown by around 3.2% in 2010 as compared to 2009. Recommendations: Among its competitors Next Plc has suffered negative profits in the year 2010 as c ompared to the year 2009 but yet Next Plc has an established market in comparison to its competitors. â€Å"The Internal Analysis of strengths and weaknesses focuses on internal factors that give an organization certain advantages and disadvantages in meeting the needs of its target market† (Internal Analysis 2010). The firm is recommended to increase its profits through increasing its sales. External analysis Rivalry (Existing Firms): There is no such rivalry between existing firms other than capturing the market share. External analysis consist of the Porters five forces in analyzing the firm which include the firm’s rivalry between the existing firms, the firm’s bargaining power among its suppliers, buyers. The threat of new entrants into the market and the threat of the product diversity are also included in Porter’s five forces. â€Å"The industry forces take the form of competitive rivalry, barriers to entry, threat of substitutes, buyer power, and supplier power† (Lynch 2003). Bargaining Power of Suppliers: â€Å"Supplier power is increased if there is a high degree of rivalry between companies trying to obtain the supplies† (Porters Five Forces n.d.). The firm has a number of suppliers and in 2009 – 10 there were 463 suppliers while in 2010-2011 the supplier base has increased to 492. Next works directly with it suppliers and monitors the supplier’s progress. The firm uses six tier rating system as a supplier management tool. Bargaining power of buyers Next Plc’s buyers are its retail customers. Next provides excellent customer service and lays high importance in maintaining good relation and

Uninsured 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Uninsured 2 - Research Paper Example Mayo Clinic is a non-profit medical practice as well as a medical research group that is based in Rochester, Minnesota. The medical facility was founded in 1889 and its current Chief Executive Officer is John Noseworthy. It original founders include Charles Horace Mayo and William James Mayo. It mainly serves North America and has its headquarters in Rochester, Minnesota in the United States (Fye, 2010). Mayo hospital was found to have an asset value of 6.947 billion USD, with an annual generation of revenue at 3.137 billion USD. Moreover, the medical facility employs more that 3,800 scientists and physicians and has 50,900 allied health staff (Mayo Clinic, 2013). This has enabled the hospital to propel itself be near the top of the U.S News and World Report list of â€Å"Best Hospitals† for a period of more than 20 years. The Mayo Clinic is significantly present in three U.S metropolitan areas: Jacksonville (Florida), Rochester (Minnesota), and Phoenix (Arizona). As a consequence, in 2013 the U.S News & World Report ranked Mayo Clinic third overall hospital in America. (U.S. News & World Report, 2013). As pointed out by Baier (2012) the American data has shown that the number of Minnesotans aged 65 years and above will rise by 40% in the next 10 years, shifting demographics which are already evident. These patients in the previous year accounted for approximately half of the 1.1 million patients visiting the Mayo Clinic Health System and Mayo Clinic. With regard to research, researchers from Mayo Clinic contribute significantly to the comprehension of best clinical practices, disease processes, and translation of findings from the laboratory to the clinical practice. It has also been shown that it spends over $500 million annually on research. The health facility employs an estimated 400 doctoral level physicians and research scientists. It has an additional 2,800 allied health

Risk management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Risk management - Research Paper Example This process is to benefit from the use of the PDCA cycle, as well as the FOCUS model-based situation analysis (Yoder-Wise, 2010; American Society for Quality, n.d.; Garkovich, 2009; Wilburn, 2012). In the case at hand, the patient was admitted into the ER as a stroke suspect, but the tests yielded negative for stroke with the CT scan. The urine tests showed the presence of opiates, leading the staff to suspect the use of IV drugs by the patient. He is negative for aphasia, and has no signs of having had a seizure, even though that was the suspicion,. He was under observation the past 24 hours. Not being certain of the problem in Mr. Xs case, the care staff moved him to a unit on acute care. There he is left without restraints, shirtless, and wearing just a pair of boxing shorts. As nurse administrator, the flag for Rapid Response showed the patient hysterical and asking for help. The intervention given was an facial mask-delivered oxygen, and following the protocol of getting the cardiac monitor attached to the patient as per the Rapid response protocol. The staff seemed paralyzed and unable to know how to deal with the crisis. The protocol fails, as the patient only takes a m inute to start acting up again, and removing the mask and the monitor. The EKG reading was normal, and the protocol having failed, the staff did not know how to proceed. The patient escapes and is seen at home. The patient returns the next day with a headache and discomfort in the chest area that are self-reported. The same unit as the previous day accommodates him, but the staff are understandably wary. Three hours hence they recorded another emergency from the patient The patient complained of pain in the stomach. The doctor is called, but the nurse in charge of the case and the other staff keep their distance from Mr. X (Yoder-Wise, 2010; American Society for Quality, n.d.; Garkovich, 2009; Wilburn,

Band Rate List Essay Example for Free

Band Rate List Essay By storing the Band Rate List in a computer system it can be used to attach payments due automatically to each video when a member returns it late. The system can also be efficiently updated. The use of a computer system would also enable Jean to generate a daily report for each shop detailing unreturned tapes and their subsequent charges. By having all member details on account no report would need to be written to County Court as Jean could simply e-mail all relevant information in a matter of seconds. Saving both time and money. By implementing a scanning device/system on the drop box, linked to a computer, staff will immediately be notified when videos are returned preventing any more lost sales. Introduction of a computer system network will mean any number of staff can access the member files at the same time (as long as there are sufficient servers). It will also put an end to anyones struggle to decipher handwriting. To solve the problem of parking Jean could purchase extra space if possible, alternatively he could use the less busy shop 3 to pilot an innovative scheme where customers can choose to get a drive-thru video. This would cut down on the number requiring parking spaces if successful. Two windows could be formed at the side, one to take the order, receive payment and swipe the membership card, while the other is used to give the video to the member. If the idea catches on Jean could patent it and introduce it to his other shops before retiring with a large sum in the bank as a result (or maybe I should do that). A computer system would allow Jean access to all files from wherever he desired. It would also allow him to organise members easily, e. g. by postcode for mailing, and he would no longer have to start from scratch every time he wanted to update it. Security could also be improved as the shops can efficiently communicate using the computer network. In future a gang member who has stolen from one shop would be expected in the other shops on the same day so relevant actions can be taken before they arrive. Information relevant to Jean in terms of financing any forthcoming I. T. installation is detailed in the section entitled costs. An investments payback period in years (and months, weeks or even days) is equal to the net investment amount divided by the average annual cash flow from the investment. It basically means: How long will it take to get my money back? This refers to the time it takes for an investment to repay the initial outlay. In calculating the payback period, it is usual to work to the nearest month. This month can be obtained using the following formula: Month of Payback = (Income Required / Contribution per Month) Or to find the day of payback: Day of Payback = (Income Required / Contribution per Day) When using this method to choose between projects, the shortest payback period will be chosen. For a business, payback is a simple calculation to make. It gives a good indication of the level of risk associated with potential investments because the longer the payback period, the longer the firms money is at risk, and the greater the likelihood that something unexpected may negatively affect the business. The payback period also takes into account the timing of cash flows. Firms might adopt this method if they have cash flow problems. This is because the project chosen will payback the investment more quickly than others. Strengths of the Payback method are: Its easy to compute, easy to understand and provides some indication of risk by separating long-term projects from short-term projects. It is particularly useful for firms with difficult cash flow positions as it helps them to identify how long it will take for the cash to be restored. Also, the further ahead a forecast looks, the less likely it is to be accurate due to uncertainty increasing over time. For this reason payback is advantageous as it only focuses on the short-term. Weaknesses: It doesnt measure profitability, doesnt account for the time value of money and ignores financial performance after the break-even period. Using this method may also encourage a short-termist attitude within the business.

Personal Essay: I Propose To Change The Status Of Craighead County, Ar :: essays research papers

Personal Essay: I Propose To Change the Status of Craighead County, AR From A Dry To A Wet County I propose to change the current status of Craighead County, Arkansas from a dry county to a wet county. Although there are strong arguments that the benefits of being a dry county are greater than the drawbacks, it is important to reassess those ideas. There are two very important drawbacks to a dry county. One is the loss of businesses and revenues from businesses that sell or serve alcoholic beverages. The second is the safety of those who consume alcohol. First, we must consider the annual amount of money that leaves the pockets of Craighead County citizens and goes into the neighboring counties. As most know you are unable to purchase alcohol under the current laws. Yet, people do not refrain from the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Logically we can conclude that people purchase the alcohol elsewhere. Money that could recycle itself into the economy of Craighead County contributes to others. There are numerous small businesses along the county line that sell only alcohol. Craighead is a college county. College students spend approximately $4.2 billion annually to purchase 430 million gallons of alcoholic beverages. These businesses could be run here, in Jonesboro, instead of places like Harrisburg and Truman. The fact is that people are going to drink. Why not sell to Craighead citizens in Craighead? It makes far greater sense to put back where you take out. Meaning if you earn a living in Craighead one should purchase from those there as well. If the citizens could legally buy alcohol her they would not be helping out their neighbors. Not only by bringing in those stores that specialize in alcohol, but those businesses who serve it as well, Craighead could increase it's income for small business men and for the county. Tax money from liquor sales goes 20% to counties on basis of unincorporated population, and 80% to cities on basis of incorporated population. In turn that would increase employment by creating jobs. Certain restaurant chains refuse to expand into the area partially because they can not serve alcoholic beverages to those of legal age. Business creates jobs, that is a fact, but if business will not build in the area naturally there will be less work. By making Craighead County a "wet" county not only would it increase the per capita income of those there but increase the job availability as well. More important than the economic aspects of turning Craighead into a wet county is the safety of the citizens.

Are cell phone is dangerous Essay

There are billions of people all over the world use cell phones. They use them for many different purposes, some use them for calling, or sending messages, others use may use them for logging into the net and chatting with friends. From my point of view, cell phones are very dangerous as they waste time and money, sometimes they lead to some sort of addiction, and they are dangerous to the human body. First of all, cell phones waste a lot of time and money. There are a lot of people especially teenagers who spend hours talking to their friends on phones which is also a waste of money. I see that talking to friends for hours weakens family ties. I know people who spend half of their salaries on cell phones bills while their children and their homes need this money. In addition, cell phones lead to addiction. I have a friend who suffers from chatting addiction and that`s because she spends most of her time chatting with her friends on Facebook or Yahoo messenger program. cell phones cause a  another kind of addiction which is sending messages addiction, I remember hearing, a woman in Opera Winfrey Show who sends messages even in the bathroom, and sleeps with the mobile in her hands. This woman nearly sends about three hundreds messages monthly or more. Furthermore, cell phones are very dangerous to the human body. Researchers say that cell phones send electric emancipations that cause cancer to the cells of the human body .As well as, they cause severe headache and harm our ears. Therefore, people shouldn`t sleep with their mobiles beside them, and it is better if you switch off your mobile before sleeping. To cut a long story short, cell phones` disadvatages out weigh its  advantages, I know that they become necessary in our daily schedule, but when it comes to driving it is not necessary.

Bridgeton Industries Case

The dynamics of the automobile industry have been very volatile in the last few decades, and the case depicts how the changing environment has affected the Bridgestone Industries. The Bridgestone Industries is a supplier of components and parts for the three main automobile manufacturing companies in the United States. The increase in the fuel prices as well as the technological evolution and the ease of availability of cheaper, cost efficient imported European and Japanese automobiles have taken a significant section of the demand from the US based manufacturers.As a result there is less demand for products and components from the Bridgestone Industries who are facing low volume of sales and therefore low profitability. In addition to this the increasing costs and overheads in the company are aggravating the cost position of the Bridgestone Industries by decreasing the profit margins per sale. The paper provides an analysis of the cost position of the Bridgestone Industries and the overheads associated with the production lines being manufactured by Bridgestone Industries at the ACF.The overhead burden rate for the company is determined to be 437% in 1988, 434% in 1989, 577% in 1989 and 562% in 1990. A budget is also drafted for the year 1991 which considers outsourcing the manifold production line. The budget has depicted that through the outsourcing of the manifold production line significant cost savings in the expenses for direct labor, direct material and the overheads can be achieved which can result in the lowered overhead burden rate of 307% only.As a result it is proposed that the Bridgestone Industries should seek to outsource the manifold production line as it can be highly advantageous for the cost position of the company. Bridgeton Industries Case Overview of Bridgeton Industries The Harvard Business review case depicts the problems that were faced by the Bridgeton Industries due to technological evolution, changes in the internal and external env ironments of the businesses and the changing consumer preferences for automobiles. The company Bridgeton Industries is a major supplier of the complements of the parts and components for the United States automotive industry.The automotive component and fabrication plant in question in this case was originally founded in 1840 but was acquired by the Bridgeton Industries in the early 1900s. Since then the plant was used to manufacture complements for the main automotive manufacturers in the region. However increasing costs of manufacturing the components and increasing overhead costs caused the plant to shut down. The products that were mainly manufactured by the Bridgeton Industries pertained to components of automobiles that were required by the main manufacturers of automobiles in the industry.The main product lines that were manufactured at the automotive component and fabrication plant by the Bridgeton Industries for its customers included fuel tanks for automobiles, stainless s teel exhaust manifolds, the front and rear doors of the automobiles, the muffler exhaust systems for the cars as well as the steel oil pans that are incorporated in manufacturing an automobile. These products were custom made according to the requirements of the customers in the United States market for automobile manufactures only.The target market of the Bridgeton Industries included the three main bid automobile manufactures that operated in the United States. These automobile manufacturers had a large percentage of the market share of the US automobile market and therefore consumed almost the entire production generated by the automotive component and fabrication plant by Bridgeton Industries. The nature of the business at the Bridgeton Industries was such that a business to business customer/ client model was adopted by the company as the customers of the products manufactured by the Bridgeton Industries were not the end users of the products.The case presents that the Bridgeto n Industries was a highly successful manufacture of components and the automotive component and fabrication plant churned out components and products under the product lines of fuel tanks, exhaust manifolds, doors, mufflers and exhausts as well as oil plans that were entirely purchased by the three big manufactures of the automobiles in the country. However with the advent of the Japanese car manufactures in the United States, the company was forced to operate at reduced costs in order to be effici9nt and appeal to the changing markets.Despite the changes that were made to control the costs and stream line operations in the plant, the automotive component and fabrication plant was shut down as it was reporting incrementally increasing overhead levels that could not be contained regardless of the effort put into managing the overheads. This case analysis how the company fared and what initiatives could have been taken to better manage the overheads to reduce costs and make the automo tive component and fabrication plant more cost effective. Cost Position EvolutionThe cost position of the company has developed over the time of its operations due to the internal as well as the external factors that include the demand for automobiles and how much the customers are willing to pay for them in the market. The changing requirements of the customers for cheaper and more affordable cars that provided high mileage increased in the 1970s in the US automobile industry and this impacted the cost bearing capability of the automobile manufacturers. These manufacturers in turn started purchasing the components at cheaper costs.This meant that companies like the Bridgeton Industries that were in the business of making components and parts for the big three manufacturers in the United States in the 1970s and 1980s were faced with the challenge of reducing their cost of production and operations in order to be more affective. The strategy was adopted by the Bridgeton Industries to reduce the value and the volume of the overheads that existed for the manufacture of the product lines of fuel tanks, exhaust manifolds, doors, mufflers and exhausts as well as oil plans in order to reduce the costs associated with operations.This strategy was focused on reducing the cost in order to increase the margin on the sales made to the big three automobile manufacturers in the market for increased profitability to sustain operations of the Bridgeton Industries The Bridgeton Industries underwent significant changes and evolution in its cost positions. The company first wrote off the physical machinery, the equipment and the buildings from the automotive component and fabrication plant’s financial books to reduce the costs associated with the depreciation expenses for these items.Then the company employed the costing strategy for its product lines that was based on the three elements of materials, direct labor, and overheads. The research undertaken to determine the h igh levels of costs at the Bridgeton Industries and the factors contributing to these costs provided that the overhead burden was one of the main factors that was forcing the automotive component and fabrication plant to be least cost effective when it came to generating profit. The results provided that the overhead burden existed on a ratio of 435 percent of the direct labor cost (Patricia & Cooper, 1993).This was a significant percentage of the total costs being attributed as an expense for overheads which was forcing Bridgestone Industries into a negative cost position with its customers. The cost position evolution saw that the Bridgestone Industries were gradually facing increasing costs in the form of incremental overhead expenses, increasing spend on the manufacture and processing of the product lines as well as the costs associated with the management and the operation of the automotive component and fabrication plant.This decreased the appeal of the products being produced at high costs for the customers of the Bridgestone Industries which forced the Bridgestone Industries to reduce shut down the automotive component and fabrication plant as it was continuously depicting increasing costs that reduced the profit margins for the Bridgestone Industries on the products that its sold to the big three automobile manufactures in the Unites States automobile industry.Internal and External Factors Effecting the Cost Position The increased imports of the European as well as the Japanese make of automobiles in the United States significantly impacted the demand of the automobiles manufactured by the US manufacturers. â€Å"Imports of sub-compact cars from Europe and Japan rose steadily in the 1950s, often as families’ second cars but US manufacturers retained their hold on the lucrative markets for larger vehicles.† (French, 1997, p142) The US manufactures saw their market shrink as the more aware and price conscious consumers shifted to the Europ ean and Japanese counter parts for their automobiles, while the US manufacturers were left with making large, excessive fuel consuming vehicles that denoted social status and personal style.Aside from this the increasing prices of crude oil in the international market in the 1970s also significantly changed the demand of the automobiles as depicted by the consumers. â€Å"A crisis in the US car-market developed as a result of sudden unforeseen shifts in the general environment which allowed overseas producers to expand market share rapidly. New car sales faltered in the 1970s and excess capacity increased.At the same time the leap in fuel prices shifted the consumer preference towards smaller, more fuel efficient cars which Japanese and European makers already supplied in their domestic markets and were better able to produce that were the US manufacturers used to making larger, more up-market ‘gas-guzzlers’† (French, 1997, p142) The automobiles of French and Jap anese make were smaller, more fuel efficient as well as more stylish yet cheaper than the those manufactured by the big three US automobile manufactures.As a result the consumers opted for purchasing the imported cars instead of those manufactured by the Unites States manufacturers. The recession of the 1970s also further reduced the disposal income and the propensity to save for the people in the United States which made purchasing the imported European and Japanese models of automobiles much more attractive to the consumers instead of opting for those models manufactured by the big three US automobile manufacturers.In the same period the perception of the consumers also significantly changed as was marked by the baby boomer generation and the hippy era. In this period, the consumer became more aware of the environment, the increasing pollution and the contribution that automobiles made towards adding to the pollution levels. As a result the consumers started to look for cheaper al ternatives of travel and those which were more environmental friendly that the vehicles manufactured by the big three US automobile manufacturers.The internal factors that contributed to the changing cost position of the Bridgestone Industries, specifically at the plant pertained to the decreasing demand of the US manufactured cars and increased demand for cheaper cars that was reflected un the restricting cost based purchases being made by the big three manufactures form the Bridgestone Industries.As the volume of sales decreased for Bridgestone Industries, along with the margin for profits on sales made due to the rising overhead costs the cost position of the Bridgestone Industries significantly changed to become negative and resulted in the closing of the automotive component and fabrication facility by the Bridgestone Industries. Overhead Burden Rate The Bridgestone Industries had a specific method for determining the overhead burden rate for the products that was proposed and set on an annual basis.â€Å"The budgeted unit costs provided by the plant for the 1987 model year study included overhead (burden) applied to products as a percentage of direct labor dollar cost. The overhead percentage was calculated at the budget time and used throughout the model year to allocate overhead to products using a single overhead pool. The overhead rate used in the study was 435% of direct labor cost† (Patricia & Cooper, 1993)